Когниция
DHA
Зависит от условий. Есть данные: противовоспалительный эффект при нейродегенерации. При условиях: защитный фактор при ГВ.
Суть
DHA при болезни Альцгеймера замедляет прогрессию по шкале CDR (SMD -0.41), но MMSE и ADAS-cog без разницы; у здоровых эффект не показан.
Что говорят исследования
Форма важна
Для Альцгеймера: n-3-PUFA.
В исследованиях различий между отдельными добавками не найдено. При послеродовой депрессии важна концентрация DHA в молоке..
Мифы
«Омега-3 защищает мозг всех»: при нейродегенерации добавки менее эффективны.
«Улучшает память здоровым»: в abstracts не подтверждено.
«Чем больше, тем лучше»: чаще всего отмечены ЖКТ-побочки.
Осторожно
ЖКТ-побочки: самые частые; у препарата с EPA и DHA отмечено негативное влияние на объём желудочков.
Не заменяет основную терапию.
С лекарствами
Из еды
Жирная рыба: лосось, скумбрия, сельдь, икра; содержание DHA в молоке зависит от рациона матери.
Источники
Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review 2021
Обзоры исследований: 50 в Europe PMC, самые цитируемые
EPA but not DHA appears to be responsible for the efficacy of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in depression: evidence from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2009 · цитирований: 246
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2014 · цитирований: 230
Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid versus docosahexaenoic acid on serum lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2011 · цитирований: 222
How does high DHA fish oil affect health? A systematic review of evidence. 2019 · цитирований: 141
The Differential Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review. 2018 · цитирований: 141
Docosahexaenoic acid and adult memory: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2015 · цитирований: 139
Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid containing supplements modulate risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomised placebo-control human clinical trials. 2018 · цитирований: 82
A meta-analysis shows that docosahexaenoic acid from algal oil reduces serum triglycerides and increases HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in persons without coronary heart disease. 2012 · цитирований: 79
The effect of EPA and DHA on metabolic syndrome patients: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. 2012 · цитирований: 61
The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, EPA, and/or DHA on Male Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 2019 · цитирований: 51
Effects of EPA and DHA on blood pressure and inflammatory factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2019 · цитирований: 45
Effects of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data from 33 randomized controlled trials. 2021 · цитирований: 29
Impact of omega-3 fatty acid DHA and EPA supplementation in pregnant or breast-feeding women on cognitive performance of children: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2021 · цитирований: 24
Gestational age and maternal status of DHA and other polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy: A systematic review. 2019 · цитирований: 23
The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. 2024 · цитирований: 18
Circulating Docosahexaenoic Acid and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality. 2024 · цитирований: 18
Association Between Enteral Supplementation With High-Dose Docosahexaenoic Acid and Risk of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 2023 · цитирований: 18
Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid versus α-linolenic acid supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2020 · цитирований: 18
Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in age-related cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2020 · цитирований: 17
Influence of sociodemographic, lifestyle and genetic characteristics on maternal DHA and other polyunsaturated fatty acid status in pregnancy: A systematic review. 2020 · цитирований: 17
Effects of n-3 EPA and DHA supplementation on fat free mass and physical performance in elderly. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial. 2021 · цитирований: 16
Docosahexaenoic acid and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022 · цитирований: 15
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of fish and EPA+DHA consumption in 17 US and European cohorts. 2017 · цитирований: 15
The Role of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) on Cognitive Functions in Psychiatric Disorders. 2019 · цитирований: 14
The effects of omega-3, DHA, EPA, Souvenaid® in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2024 · цитирований: 12
Optimizing ARA and DHA in infant formula: A systematic review of global trends, regional disparities, and considerations for precision nutrition. 2024 · цитирований: 11
Therapeutic Effect of EPA/DHA Supplementation in Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Companion Animal Diseases: A Systematic Review. 2021 · цитирований: 11
EFFECT OF EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID AND DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATIONS TO CONTROL COGNITIVE DECLINE IN DEMENTIA AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. 2015 · цитирований: 11
Оценка: Brain 25 Evidence (MIT).