Неврология
L-карнитин
Зависит от условий.
Суть
Возит жирные кислоты в митохондрии; эффекты скромные: ~1 кг веса, малый сдвиг маркеров при СД2.
Что говорят исследования
Форма важна
Обычный L-карнитин для метаболизма: 1–2 г/сут.
При нейропатии: ацетил-L-карнитин, дозы под врача..
Мифы
«Растопит жир на митохондриях»: заявлено, но эффект ~1 кг и противоречив.
«Терапия витаминная»: это лекарственные формы (ALC/PLC), не БАД.
Осторожно
Acetyl-L-карнитин при диабетической нейропатии: эффект ТОЛЬКО при дозе >1500 мг/день, certainty VERY LOW.
При перемещающейся хромоте: эффект незначимый.
Для похудения/спорта: систематических пруфов НЕТ. 2 из 4 исследований финансировались производителем.
С лекарствами
Из еды
Красное мясо: главный источник; вегетарианцы/веганы обычно на нижней границе нормы, но дефицит редок.
Источники
Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. 2019 Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication. 2021 Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2024 Journal Article, Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis
Обзоры исследований: 72 в Europe PMC, самые цитируемые
L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2013 · цитирований: 134
Meta-analysis of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials of acetyl-L-carnitine versus placebo in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease. 2003 · цитирований: 123
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review. 2002 · цитирований: 102
Efficacy and Safety of L-Carnitine Treatment for Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2017 · цитирований: 78
The effect of (L-)carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2016 · цитирований: 78
L-carnitine treatment of insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2017 · цитирований: 70
The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review. 2020 · цитирований: 66
L-carnitine for acute valproic acid overdose: a systematic review of published cases. 2010 · цитирований: 63
Impact of L-carnitine on plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2016 · цитирований: 52
Metabolic effects of L-carnitine on type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2013 · цитирований: 51
L-Carnitine supplementation for adults with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2014 · цитирований: 47
Effects of l-carnitine supplementation on weight loss and body composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled clinical trials with dose-response analysis. 2020 · цитирований: 45
Beneficial effects of l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overweight and obese adults: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2020 · цитирований: 44
Effective dosing of L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2014 · цитирований: 43
Acetyl-L-Carnitine Supplementation and the Treatment of Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2018 · цитирований: 39
Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. 2019 · цитирований: 37
Effect of L-carnitine and/or L-acetyl-carnitine in nutrition treatment for male infertility: a systematic review. 2007 · цитирований: 37
The effect of L-carnitine on inflammatory mediators: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. 2019 · цитирований: 34
Acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2015 · цитирований: 33
Effects of L-carnitine on dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps: a meta-analysis. 2008 · цитирований: 33
Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia. 2003 · цитирований: 33
l-carnitine and l-acetylcarnitine supplementation for idiopathic male infertility. 2020 · цитирований: 31
The effect of l-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile and glycaemic control in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. 2020 · цитирований: 31
Oral acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in hepatic encephalopathy: view of evidence-based medicine. 2013 · цитирований: 31
Efficacy of l-carnitine supplementation for management of blood lipids: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2019 · цитирований: 30
The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. 2023 · цитирований: 27
Effect of L-carnitine therapy on patients in maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2014 · цитирований: 25
Influence of L-carnitine supplementation on serum lipid profile in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2013 · цитирований: 24
Effect of Acute and Chronic Oral l-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance Based on the Exercise Intensity: A Systematic Review. 2021 · цитирований: 23
The efficacy of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl carnitine in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2020 · цитирований: 22
Оценка: Brain 25 Evidence (MIT).