ЖКТ
Пробиотики
Зависит от условий. Есть данные: кишечник/иммунитет по конкретным показаниям.
Суть
Живые культуры; эффект ШТАММОСПЕЦИФИЧЕН: «пробиотик вообще» не существует.
Что говорят исследования
Форма важна
Эффект штаммозависим: L. rhamnosus GG: диарея.
S. boulardii: антибиотико-ассоциированная.
B. longum 1714: стресс (мелкие RCT).
Пробиотики + пребиотики, капсулы. Эффект зависит от штамма. Общие «для кишечника» без названия штамма: лотерея.
Мифы
«Больше миллиардов КОЕ: лучше»: важнее штамм и доказательства.
«Заселяет кишечник навсегда»: транзиторен по природе.
Осторожно
Эффект ШТАММО-СПЕЦИФИЧЕН.
Доказанные штаммы: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Saccharomyces boulardii, Bifidobacterium infantis 35624.
Противопоказаны: недоношенным (FDA warning 2023), пациентам с ЦВК, иммунокомпрометированным, остром панкреатите: риск бактериемии.
С лекарствами
Из еды
Йогурт, кефир, квашеная капуста, кимчи, комбуча: смежно, но не равно добавке.
Источники
Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. 2019 Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea. 2020 Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. 2025 Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
Обзоры исследований: 1387 в Europe PMC, самые цитируемые
Probiotic mechanisms of action. 2012 · цитирований: 677
Probiotics for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2012 · цитирований: 514
Efficacy of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in irritable bowel syndrome and chronic idiopathic constipation: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2014 · цитирований: 461
Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease. 2006 · цитирований: 451
Strain-Specificity and Disease-Specificity of Probiotic Efficacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2018 · цитирований: 439
The efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review. 2010 · цитирований: 414
Alterations in fecal microbiota composition by probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. 2016 · цитирований: 406
Effect of probiotics on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. 2014 · цитирований: 383
Prebiotics and probiotics for depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. 2019 · цитирований: 377
Systematic review with meta-analysis: the efficacy of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and antibiotics in irritable bowel syndrome. 2018 · цитирований: 368
Oxidative stress tolerance and antioxidant capacity of lactic acid bacteria as probiotic: a systematic review. 2020 · цитирований: 365
Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2016 · цитирований: 330
Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis. 2002 · цитирований: 320
Updated meta-analysis of probiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates. 2010 · цитирований: 306
A meta-analysis of probiotic efficacy for gastrointestinal diseases. 2012 · цитирований: 302
Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. 2017 · цитирований: 296
Probiotics as potential antioxidants: a systematic review. 2015 · цитирований: 288
Systematic review with meta-analysis: the efficacy of probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease. 2017 · цитирований: 268
A meta-analysis of the use of probiotics to alleviate depressive symptoms. 2018 · цитирований: 253
Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. 2006 · цитирований: 252
Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children: a systematic review of published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. 2001 · цитирований: 247
The role of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and other related diseases: a systematic review of randomized human clinical trials. 2015 · цитирований: 243
Effects of probiotics on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis. 2013 · цитирований: 242
Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2012 · цитирований: 236
Probiotics for the prevention of allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2015 · цитирований: 234
A systematic review of the safety of probiotics. 2014 · цитирований: 234
Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections. 2015 · цитирований: 224
Effect of probiotics on inducing remission and maintaining therapy in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pouchitis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2014 · цитирований: 222
Probiotics are a good choice in remission of inflammatory bowel diseases: A meta analysis and systematic review. 2018 · цитирований: 220
Supplementation of infant formula with probiotics and/or prebiotics: a systematic review and comment by the ESPGHAN committee on nutrition. 2011 · цитирований: 220
Оценка: Brain 25 Evidence (MIT).